These vibrations heat the skin tissue, triggering water vapor and cell ablation, forming microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis. Carbohydrate Polymers, 36, 319-326. Quantitative data are presented as the meanstandard deviation, and comparisons were carried out using one-way ANOVA (Systat Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Before Carbohydrate Polymers, 39, 377-380. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7. Structural characterization of a new dextran with a low degree of branching produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides FT045B dextransucrase. The .gov means its official. The mechanism of the dextran-induced red blood cell Aggregation. Conducting a comparative analysis of the data shown in Table 1 can observer that parameter data Mark-Houwink a, obtained by these authors are very similar to that obtained in this work, which affirms its validity. The equation 4 can be rearranged and resulted in a modified M-H equation as follows: where the value qM-H is the polydispersity correction factor, and it is a statistical function of the molecular weight distribution. Superior prebiotic and physicochemical properties of novel dextran from Weissella cibaria JAG8 for potential food applications. Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skins barrier function. The most widely applied coatings for FDA-approved SPIONs are dextran and carboxydextran. For a given polymer-solvent pair, the theta condition is satisfied at a certain temperature, called the theta () temperature or theta point. ; Grishchenko, A.E. Terms and Conditions, a-d Haematoxylin/eosin-stained histological sections of human cadaver skin sample and e quantified data using ImageJ for different time periods after microporation. Part of Trop J Pharm Res. With FITC-dextran 20K, cumulative permeation in the human skin was 2.530.48M, and 3.340.19M in the pig skin, which significantly lower than FITC-dextran 4K. Cumulative amount of FITC-dextran permeated after microporation on the human and pig skin for FITC-dextran M.W.. a M.W. The fast increasing of these polyglucosans for medical, industrial and research purposes motivated a survey of the types obtainable. government site. 43-1, 115-147. There is a deviation from linearity after 580kDa [69, 70]. 151-166. The particular dextrans which were used initially for conversion into synthetic blood-volume expanders [6, 7], human red blood cells aggregation for increasing the degree of polymerization and hence the molecular weight [8, 9, 10], hydrogels and microspheres [11], in drug transport system and its modifications as nanoparticles [12], in the removal through absorption of contaminant effluents such as heavy metals, organic molecules and inks [13], in the formation of biodegradable films [14, 15]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 13, 2031-2032. The lack of data on the uniformity of intrinsic viscosity measurements in the system water/dextran, highlights the significant influence of the solvent and temperature [74]. Dear Sir. Alan F Rawle , Can you help me in calculating the size of dextran 4 (molecular weight= 4000) and dextran 10 (molecular weight 10,000)? Th In general, Mv is not experimentally accessible, whereas other average molecular weights are accessible. In the future, we plan to investigate the possibility of enhancing the delivery of other macromolecular drugs such as peptides and siRNAs using the RF-based microporation device. WebThe micelles produced at pH 4.6 have a spherical shape and their size is dependent on the Maillard reaction: reaction time, molar ratio of casein to dextran, and molecular weight of dextran used. The qM-H values given by equation 13, these vary from 0.9993 to 0.9841 for the range between 8.8 to 200kDa in a temperature range of 20 to 40C. Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive alternative that addresses the limitations of oral and parenteral routes of drug administration; it enables controlled release and long-term systemic drug delivery through the skin, avoids hepatic first-pass effect, avoids gastrointestinal drug degradation, reduces discomfort and trauma resulting from hypodermic injections, and prevents safety hazards associated with dangerous medical waste from needles [1, 2]. 2013 May;64(3):346-54. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2012.734289. Macromolecules, 29, 2265-2268. ; Yevlampieva N.P. Biological skin substitutes for wound cover and closure. The cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran 10 K was 4.82 0.32 M, in the human skin and 5.92 0.46 M in the pig skin. Molecular weight (M v) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. 2012;3(1):208. osmotic pressure or light scattering). Alternatively, the value of qM-H can be calculated using numerical methods and other-average molecular weights (Mn, Mw, Mz) according to where c and d are empirical polynomial functions of the exponent a. Smith, David R.; Raymonda, John W. (1972). (1999). Because of the recent animal protection rules which have restricted animal experiments [19], we used human cadaver skin as an alternative to animals. Chem. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Multiple Linear Least-Squares Fits with a Common Intercept: Determination of the Intrinsic Viscosity of Macromolecules in Solution. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea, LG electronics, 19 Yangjae-daero 11-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06772, Republic of Korea, You can also search for this author in As intrinsic viscosity of dextrans decreases with an increase in solution temperature; chain flexibility enhances with an increase in temperature (see Table 4) showing that the intrinsic viscosity of dextran (with different molecular weights Mw from 8.8 to 200kDa) decreases linearly with an temperature increase in solution, but change to high molecular weight to hyperbranched macromolecule. The site is secure. The value of qM-H varies from one sample to another one, because it is a function of a and the average molecular weights (Mv, Mw). Hrabchak C, Flynn L, Woodhouse KA. (2013). The dextran was chosen as another branched polysaccharide which, like the others was suspected to show hyperbranched behavior. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Saudi Pharm J. The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. Dextran standards with sequence molecular weight from 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa were utilized for the plot of calibration curve. Skin barrier disruption by acetone: observations in a hairless mouse skin model. Markiertes Dextran wird hufig per Mikroinjektion in die Zellen eingebracht. Int J Pharm Investig. Figure 3 shows that the parameters vary with temperature, evidencing a clear functionality of them. 2015 Mar 17;6:155. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00155. These hydrodynamic parameters show that these polysaccharides behave as a compact rigid sphere and contract by the increase of temperature (RH decreases) for the Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa. J Control Release. Kam Y, Sacks H, Kaplan KM, Stern M, Levin G. Radio frequency-microchannels for transdermal delivery: characterization of skin recovery and delivery window. Liu Zonghua; Yanpeng Jiao; Yifei Wang; Changren Zhou; Ziyong Zhang (2008). Characterization and Classification of Dextrans from Ninety-six Strains of Bacteria. European Biophysical Journal, 36, 85-94. The value of P increases from 1.0272 to 1.2694 (spherical shape with tendency to spheroid for high Mw). The reason for a nonlinear Mark-Houwink relationship is confirmed by the intrinsic viscosity which in contrast with scaling prediction shows no power law behavior. (2001). volume24, Articlenumber:22 (2020) what will you do to keep amazon safe answers; amarsi assisted living; peter clarke, emilia clarke; personality characteristics of kiran mazumdar shaw; karina mitchell age; mirela romanian orphan died; dsa presidential endorsement; dextran hydrodynamic radius. Chromatographic characterization of polymers: Hyphenated and multidimensional techniques. FITC-derivatives have been used for a variety of biological applications for more than 40 yeras. This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and chemical enhancers [7,8,9,10,11]. Determination of polymer structure by Gel Permeation Chromatography. The study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. 24h after microporation, the pore sizes reduced from 64.8817.20m (0h) to 48.854.27m (24h), and the pore depths reduced from 83.9120.56m (0h) to 63.9527.61m (24h). The human skins were from the back or thigh of a 24-year-old woman. (2008). Format), Citation-(BibTeX In a poor solvent which shows a positive heat of mixing, segments of a polymer molecule attract each other in solution more strongly than attract the surrounding solvent molecules. Intrinsic viscosity of bovine serum albumin conformers. 2004;25(9):155967. Progress in Measurement, Interpretation and Application to Structure in Dilute Solution. Although, intrinsic viscosity is a molecular parameter that can be interpreted in terms of molecular conformation, it does not offer as high resolution on molecular structure as other methods such as Light Scattering, Circular Dichroism, Sedimentation Velocity, Sedimentation Equilibrium, Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (SEC-MALLS), High-performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), NMR, X-rays, etc. Enhanced topical delivery of small hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents and epidermal growth factor by fractional radiofrequency microporation. ; Veldhuis, T.F.J. These results could be attributed to the differences in the in vivo and in vitro skin nutrients supply; with in vivo studies, the skin tissue is supplied nutrients directly from the blood vessels, but the human cadaver skin is supplied from the media, therefore, the skin tissue regeneration efficiency is low [26,27,28]. WebLabeled dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides most commonly used in microscopy studies to monitor cell division, track the movement of live cells, and to report the ; van Nostrum, C.F. Pig skins (Micropig Franz cell membrane) were supplied by Medi Kinetics Co., Ltd. (Pyeongtaek, Korea). ; Garca de , J. Carbohydrate Research, 160, 205-214. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal ; Fran, H.P. 2006;3(3):37385. Pure Appl. The [] is connected to the dimensions of the biopolymer molecule isolated in a certain solvent. The first term on the left-hand side of equation 2 (i/c) has a linear relation as a function of the concentration (c in g/cm3), where is the intrinsic viscosity [] is given by (c0) [42, 43]. ; Rani, K.Y. The skin was treated with the RF-based microporation device, inducing micropore ablation through alternating electrical current. Comparison of single-point and dilution procedures. Drug deliv. 2.It can be found from the figure that at the start-up stage of the shaft, the hydrodynamic effect (HE) is weak, so the HP is not enough to support the shaft, which TdB Labs produce a wide range of FITC-derivatives (490 nm/520 nm) with a mean molecular weight ranging from 4 kDa to 2000 kDa. Effect of temperature on the intrinsic viscosity and conformation of chitosan in dilute HCl solution. ; De Jong, S.J. Biomaterials Research The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation.
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